Glossary
Sporadic: appearing in scattered or isolated instances, as a disease.
Miasma: noxious exhalations from putrescent organic matter; poisonous effluvia or germs polluting the atmosphere.
Epidemic: affecting many people at the same time, and spreading from person to person in a locality where the disease is not permanently prevalent.
Pandemic: prevalent throughout an entire country, continent, or the whole world; epidemic over a large area.
Symptomatic:pertaining to a symptom or symptoms.
Antibodies: any of numerous Y -shaped protein molecules produced by B cells as a primary immune defence, each molecule and its clones having a unique binding site that can combine with the complementary site ofa foreign antigen, as on a virus or bacterium, thereby disabling the antigen and signaling otherimmune defences.
Contamination: the presence of a minor and unwanted constituent (contaminant) in a material, in physical body, in the natural environment
Cyanosis: the appearance of a blue or purple coloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to the tissues near the skin surface having low oxygen saturation.
Proteins: large biological molecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within living organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, replicating DNA, responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another.
Inflammation: the body's attempt at self-protection; the aim being to remove harmful stimuli, including damaged cells, irritants, or pathogens - and begin the healing process.
Quarantine: to separate and restrict the movement of well persons who may have been exposed to a communicable disease to see if they become ill.
Reye's Syndrome: an extremely rare but serious illness that can affect the brain and liver, occurs most commonly in kids recovering from a viral infection. It predominately affects children between 4 and 14 years old.
Bacteria: Bacteria are single celled microbes. The cell structure is simpler than that of other organisms as there is no nucleus or membrane bound organelles. Instead their control centre containing the genetic information, it is contained in a single loop of DNA. Some bacteria have an extra circle of genetic material called a plasmid. The plasmid often contains genes that give the bacterium some advantage over other bacteria. For example it may contain a gene that makes the bacterium resistant to a certain antibiotic.
Pathogen: anything that can produce disease.Typically the term is used to mean an infectious agent — a microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion,fungus or protozoan, that causes disease in its host. The host may be an animal, a plant, a fungus or even another microorganism. In this instance the host is an animal.
Contagious: able to be transmitted by contact with the host of the disease, or by their secretions or objects touched by them.
Virus: A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea
Miasma: noxious exhalations from putrescent organic matter; poisonous effluvia or germs polluting the atmosphere.
Epidemic: affecting many people at the same time, and spreading from person to person in a locality where the disease is not permanently prevalent.
Pandemic: prevalent throughout an entire country, continent, or the whole world; epidemic over a large area.
Symptomatic:pertaining to a symptom or symptoms.
Antibodies: any of numerous Y -shaped protein molecules produced by B cells as a primary immune defence, each molecule and its clones having a unique binding site that can combine with the complementary site ofa foreign antigen, as on a virus or bacterium, thereby disabling the antigen and signaling otherimmune defences.
Contamination: the presence of a minor and unwanted constituent (contaminant) in a material, in physical body, in the natural environment
Cyanosis: the appearance of a blue or purple coloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to the tissues near the skin surface having low oxygen saturation.
Proteins: large biological molecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within living organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, replicating DNA, responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another.
Inflammation: the body's attempt at self-protection; the aim being to remove harmful stimuli, including damaged cells, irritants, or pathogens - and begin the healing process.
Quarantine: to separate and restrict the movement of well persons who may have been exposed to a communicable disease to see if they become ill.
Reye's Syndrome: an extremely rare but serious illness that can affect the brain and liver, occurs most commonly in kids recovering from a viral infection. It predominately affects children between 4 and 14 years old.
Bacteria: Bacteria are single celled microbes. The cell structure is simpler than that of other organisms as there is no nucleus or membrane bound organelles. Instead their control centre containing the genetic information, it is contained in a single loop of DNA. Some bacteria have an extra circle of genetic material called a plasmid. The plasmid often contains genes that give the bacterium some advantage over other bacteria. For example it may contain a gene that makes the bacterium resistant to a certain antibiotic.
Pathogen: anything that can produce disease.Typically the term is used to mean an infectious agent — a microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion,fungus or protozoan, that causes disease in its host. The host may be an animal, a plant, a fungus or even another microorganism. In this instance the host is an animal.
Contagious: able to be transmitted by contact with the host of the disease, or by their secretions or objects touched by them.
Virus: A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea